Ginseng is a generic name for each of the 11 species of evergreen plants composed of Panaks from Ralyaseh family. The characteristics of all of these plants are that they are containing a kind of Steroidal glycosides that calls Jynsnvzayd. Jynsnvzayd with the scientific name of Saponins Tri pterpenoid and in some cases and it is also with the name of panaxoside in the root of Ginseng known.
Ginseng roots are collected only in autumn because it is only in this mode that it can also keep Meat mode and appropriate appearance of itself after drying.
Appellation
This word has come from the Chinese root of the word “ Rinshin” that two components of that have the meanings of “man” and “root” and it points to the shape of the roots of this plant that is as same as the foots of the man. The root of this plant is known as “jin-chen” among the local people of China that have the meaning of facades of Adam and the appellation of that is because of the shape of that to the body of the people.
History
This plant is in the category of native plants of East Asia Region and North of America. The roots of that were using from the past in China, Korea, Thailand, Vietnam, Manchuria and American Indians as the Mythological Medicinal from thousand years ago. This plant is used for centuries to improve memory function, Reduce stress, asthenia, disability treatment and the other symptoms caused by burnout and increasing age and it is also used for increasing the life of peoples. This plant in the past, has such high value in East that for example in China only emperors had the right to collect and store its roots and in the later times it was as well as an integral part of the meals of the Kings and emperors to made the increased strength, Mentally and retained its position as the elixir of youth and vitality.
China
The root of this plant has such a position among the native Chinese and in traditional medicine of that time that the ancient physicians, was used it as an integral component of all prescriptions and it was considered useful in the treatment of any disease. The consumption of plant to access and benefit from the unique and surprising properties is the model that the roots of this plant were chewing by the sick person or the other healthy persons around him/her.
West familiarity with Ginseng
Although it is more than 4000 years that people used ginseng and the name of this plant can be found as the most valuable and the most popular herbs among the writings from 2000 years ago in China . This herb for the first time in 1740 was introduced by one Botanist whose name was Collinson to the British scientific community. In 19 century one Priest that went to the China come to be familiar with the plant and wrote a book about the benefits and properties of it that it has a great role on the familiarity of many peoples of other countries with it.
Botanical characteristics
Ginseng is in the categories of perennial plants and it is also permanent. It grows slowly and it needs many years to come to be maturity. It has a big and fleshy root and the length of it is about7-5 centimeter. Root diameter is about 5 / 2-1 centimeter. The main part of it has the shape of fusiform and usually at the end it takes two branches. Usually, childhood roots grow outwards from its surroundings. The roots of this plant can be harvested between 3-10 years. If you don’t harvest them they come to be worn-out and change the shape and it can be the perforated and woody.
It is about the fourth years of its life that it began to have flower and after pass about 4-6 years, the stem of it come to be maturity. It is interesting that the importance of this plant in China is to the extent that it is forbidden to export seed and they are the plants which are under protection in the country. Also in Russia picking wild species of these plants is illegal and it has its own terms in the case of violation.
Color
The limitation of the color in the stems of this plant is from whitey light yellow to different types of brown in the different American types. This plant has raised legs with a height that can be reached by a foot and green leaves with serrated edges, the fruit similar to Raspberries or Berry with the same cluster aggregation, amidst the relatively wide leaves with beautiful bright red color.
Red Ginseng
In the ancient times the red Ginseng was the one that comes to be dry under the sunlight but nowadays red Ginseng is obtained from the steaming that has the same effect on the color of the Ginseng and makes it red. In both ways we have red color as a result of caramelized sugar that occur in the roots of the plant. It seems that it is no different in the properties between the dry stem of the plant or the steaming one with the usual boiling stem. In the university of Tokyo shows that Korean red ginseng by stimulating brain cells can be stopped from gradual destruction of brain cells and it is able to enhance and promote mental activity and improve learning performance and memory.
Types of Ginseng
American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius):
It is smaller to the Chinese type and it is growing in North America sectors. Ginseng used by Indian for treating different diseases. This plant has juice similar to Licorice juice that instead of sweat materials sometimes it contains bitter materials and also associated with a variety of aromatic compounds. This juice can have the mild odor or doesn’t contain any odor either. Ginseng welcome very well in Asia so that today more than 85% growth Ginseng in America are exported to Asian markets.
Japanese Ginseng (Panax japonicus):
This kind of Ginseng from the active content it is as same as Chinese Ginseng but with much less.
Siberia Ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosus):
It cannot be counted in the true ginseng part. This type of Ginseng is a cheap and low-quality medicine for sale.
Sanchy Ginseng (Panax Noto ginseng) or (Panax pseudo ginseng) a false one either:
It is completely different from the Chinese type of this plant in the parts of the power of medicinal and therapeutic benefits and terms of use. From Some of the treatments with this plant, it can be noted that the position of the bleeding and relieve pain.
Himalayan Ginseng (Panax pseudoginseng subspecies hi malai cus):
Medical , pharmaceutical and treatment properties of the plant in compare with (Panax ginseng) is much less and Himalayan uses it in the treatment of loss of appetite and indigestion.
Darf Ginseng (Panax trifolius):
It is counted as the rarest American ginseng and American Indians commonly exploit it in the treatment of headaches, cough, and indigestion .
Therapeutic Properties:
Ginseng plant has numerous works of Pharmacology including anti-fatigue effect (Reinforcing physical and intellectual). The researchers show that many of the anti-fatigue effects of Ginseng are a stimulant effect of Ginseng on the central nervous system of the body.
In the traditional medicine from this plant used for the treatment of Diabetes, Physical, and sexual footing and also used as a food supplement. Also in Nowadays life use from Ginseng as the food supplement improve the quality of the life that it can be because of the Anti-inflammatory quality of this plant and their effects on the body cope better with stress. This plant is proposed against cancer either.
Ginseng confirmed as the effective deterrent and also restorative and effectively to enhance the physical and mental capacity and it has an important role in helping improve complications considered such as Weakness, helplessness, loss of concentration during convalescence. So far about 30 different types of root purified and investigated.
Some of the properties of Ginseng are as follow:
- Opening minds
- Increase physical strength (stronger than the body)
- Improving memory
- Increase vitality and joy (as a driver)
- Increase the power of endurance
- Relieve stress
- Anti-aging and burnout (aging effects)
- Enhance the body’s natural defenses against diseases
- Improve eyesight
- Strengthening the immune system
- Regulate metabolism and the body’s metabolism
- Avoid headaches
- Treatment of insomnia and poor sleep
- Reducing the negative effects of menopause
- Remove or improve sexual problems in both sexes
- Relieve Fatigue, weakness, and lethargy
- Increasing the power of cardiovascular system
- Blood pressure (make it normal and arrange it base on the high or below level )
- Regulate blood sugar levels (Same as above)
How to use Ginseng
The dried stem of this plant had food used from the past years. The dried roots can be brewed alone or as a part of Beverages with the other herbs or in the soup in the shape of the pill or the common use of it is in the shape of brewed , tea or in the shape of juice . The Indians in the long distances chewed the roots to stave off hunger.