Bam Citadel is located near the city of Bam in Kerman province in southeastern of Iran and it was the largest adobe structure in the world. As a result of the severe earthquake, on 25 December 2003, that struck the city of Bam and its suburbs, Arg-e Bam was almost completely destroyed. A few days after the occurrence of the earthquake, president of Iran Mohammad Khatami said that the castle will be reconstructed.

“Arg-e Bam and its cultural space” have already been registered in the UNESCO World Heritage List. This huge organ that is in the path of the Silk Road was created in 5 century BC and continues to be used till 1850 AD. It is not clear why it was not used anymore after this time.

A total of this building is a fortress great that the organ is located, in its heart, but because of the imposing castle, that is also the highest height of this collection, the entire building called Arg-e Bam.

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Dimensions of Arg-e Bam

The area of this citadel is about 180, 000 square meters that are composed with walls as high as 6 to 7 meters and a length of 1815 meters surrounded. This citadel is composed of two separate sections, and each of them has its own characteristics.  There have been scattered 67 towers in the ancient city of Bam.

Design and Construction of the Bam Citadel

  • Planting and architecture of Arg Citadel were evaluated from various aspects. According to the current appearance of the palace can say that the designer or designers, from the first steps of the production process, have been predicted the final shape of the building and the city. Each of the progress of made during the construction has a complete form and each additional part can easily add on to the existing.
  • Arg citadel is located in the downtown of the military city in the best view spot from military security.
  • The governmental part that is located in the inner wall contains fortress, Four Seasons Mansion, barracks, 40 meters water wells and stalls with the capacity of 200 horses.
  • The peasant settlements around the governmental state, including the main entrance of the city, along with the main route that connecting the entrance to the castle and its market, there are nearly 400 homes and public buildings such as schools and places of exercise.
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There are 3 different types of house that there are significant:

  • Smaller houses with 2-3 rooms for poor families.
  • Larger homes with 3-4 rooms for the middle-classsociety families, which some of them has Ivan as well.
  • Luxurious houses with more rooms that are located in different parts for different seasons, with a big yard and a nearby barn for animals. The house has a very low number in this citadel. Such as Sistaniand Jewish homes.

All the buildings were made from the baked clay bricks. Bam was probably the world’s largest collection of mud brick before the 2003 earthquake.

Security in Arg-e Bam

When the city door was closed human or animal could not entrance. Residents could continue them life for long periods because they had access to water wells, gardens, and pets inside the citadel. When the military town built residents could stay inside the city and the soldiers could defend it because the castle was surrounded by high walls and towers.

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Air conditioning in Arg-e Bam

In addition to the outline view of watchtowers and high walls decorated castle in the skyline, the magnificent painting of these building’s is magnificent loom.  Winds protruding structures of the buildings that used to catch the wind and steer it into the buildings. Sometimes Water reservoirs were built inside the building that could cool the buildings and remove dust. Buildings used for a variety of different types of wind. For example, for smaller buildings single structure louvers, and for the bigger buildings used four structure louvers till can lead the wind from different directions into the building.

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Earth quack in 2003 in Bam

2003 earthquake in Bam destroyed more than 80 percent of this citadel. As a World Heritage many countries participated in the reconstruction of this citadel and Japan, Italy and France participated from the first. Japan helps Iran for reconstruction with about 1. 3 million dollars, by sending the equipment and create a three-dimensional plan of Bam to increase the accuracy of modernization the project will support. Italy’s Ministry of Heritage and cultural activities with the implementation of the project, with a budget of 500,000 Euros for the restoration and strengthening of tower number one will participate in the restoration of historic Citadel. The project, in collaboration with a team of experts from Italy and Iran, ended in the summer of 2011. The map helped France Citadel of Bam in Iran. The World Bank also contributed a large sum of money to this project. Bam citadel, destroyed following the earthquake in Bam and was seriously on the danger list of heritage, but according to UNESCO done in recent years in the Persian date, Tir 1392 (2003) Bam was removed from the list of in danger monuments.

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International assistance to rebuild Bam

After the destruction of the Citadel of Bam by the earthquake, many countries helped reconstruct it. Including, Irina Bokova, Director-General of UNESCO visited the period of Historic Places on 28 April 2014 went to Bam. He said: “UNESCO is the first organization that came to the city after the earthquake. I know Monuments in the province of Kerman and Bam. Bam also started on experts actions and will continue until 2017. More than ever we try to attract financial support from foreign countries and in this regard, use the Trust Fund of Japan and other countries.

 

Bojnoord souvenirs are not known for everyone. Bojnoord is provincial capital of  North Khorasan, it is a town with a good climate. Bojnoord is the spectacular place, and it can be a perfect option for travel, even because of the good weather many kinds of edible souvenirs and agricultural products can find there. The famous souvenirs of Bojnoord contain Candy ( Shekar Panir ), Qarreh Qorut, Curd, Razzaqi Grape.

Some the other kinds of  Bojnoord souvenirs that you can find them in the other parts of  North of  Khorasan are as follow:

  • Dried fruit
  • Nuts and Raisins
  • Peaches and apples
  • Fruit

Bojnoord Candy

Bojnoord has about eighty years experience in produce candy and most of the people like to eat them. Many Iranian prefer to have candy instead of sugar near their tea and this is one of the reasons that candy has lots of advocates in Iran. If you just once taste them you will buy them every time. Candy is made from water, sugar, lemon and white part of the egg. At first, the candy made very simple but nowadays you can find many models of it with different tastes for all the people.

Some of the taste are as follow:

Coconut , Saffron, Lemon, Pistachio, Cinnamon, Ginger, Sesame, Cocoa, Barberry and Cardamom.

Bojnoord pistachio candy:

Pistachio is very good and eating it is very useful for the body especially for the people that they are weak or ill. Pistachio contains vitamins, iron, calcium, phosphorus, and potassium. This candy has good taste and it is in the parts of expensive candies.

Bojnoord cinnamon candy:

Cinnamon has a hearty taste near the tea and it is very effective in the treatment of muscle ache. It also reduces the blood pressure. It acts like Insulin. Daily consumption of it is very good for health and it is sedative either.

Bojnoord Cardamom candy:

Cardamom also has very good taste near the tea. It has it advocates and lots of people prefer to eat them with their tea.

Properties of it are as follow:

Help digestion, improve appetite, improve colds, strengthens the kidneys and so on.…

Bojnoord Berry candy:

It is good for the people that like the sweet and sour taste together. It contains good color either.

Bojnoord Sesame candy:

This candy is mixed with the Sesame seed but all the people don’t like them. Its properties are as follow strengthened vessels, migraine prevention, osteoporosis, lower cholesterol.

Bojnoord Qarreh Qorut

Qarreh Qorut is one of the productions of the milk. There are good pastures in North of Khorasan that has prospered as the ranch. Qarreh Qorut is one production that depends on to the ranch. In Turkish, the people say Black curd to the Qarreh Qorut either. It has Light cream, yellow and dark brown colors. Qarreh Qorut has its own advocates but does not eat too much of it because its disadvantages are more than advantages.

Bojnoord Grape

One of the most important productions in North of  Khorasan is grape. The first grape that produces in around Bojnoord is call, Khalili grape. The first kinds of it are produced in July and the end kinds of it are produced in October that is called Razaqi. These grapes can easily find in Bojnoord and they have good taste and they contain lots of properties either. Also, raisins with many benefits are one of the derivatives of the grapes.

Bushehr is one of the beautiful ports of South Iran that has many tourist attractions. This beautiful port has quiet coastal and beautiful palm groves that they are attracted the eye of the beholder.

Some of the Bushehr souvenirs are as follow:

  • Date palm
  • Ardeh
  • Fish
  • Shrimp

In additions to them, you can prepare some Bushehr Handicrafts as souvenirs either.

  • Meskhetian Turks
  • Rashi Halva
  • Sangak Halva
  • Baked Kharak (Kind of Date)

Bushehr Date

Date palm cultivation in Bushehr is back to the Achaemenid era and today it is one of the main Jobs of Bushehrian peoples. This job is the production of the date palm and the resulting products of them. Overall, in the discussion of expert date has the special place in Iran and that is why Bushehr is important from this respect.

The date is one of the most Nutritious fruits that we can say many properties for it such as A large percentage of glucose and sucrose, Vitamins A, B, C, E, as well as it is the rich source of energy for the body.

The date has many products such as Palm sap, Date vinegar, Palm Fruit roll, Date nectar, Extracts of Palm as a drink, Palm Chocolate for breakfast and … that each of them has its own unique flavor.

Bushehr Ardeh

Ardeh is one of the delicious Sesame products that it is a high-energy food and comes to be more delicious near Honey,  Palm sap, and Grape sap. Ardeh oil is a rich source of vitamins, antioxidants, and saturated fat…

Also according to its many properties, it will make the body resist against the cold weather.

Some of the others properties of Sesame oil are as follow:

  • Prevent from the hair loss and make rapid growth of Hair
  • Useful for anemia

•    Reinforcement of Blood flow

Bushehr Fish and Shrimp

If you are searching for the Fresh and Tasty Fish of South sea of Iran, Bushehr city is the good idea for you to finding the best of them there. Fish markets in Bushehr have lots of booms and you can find your favorite Fish and Shrimps there. Bushehr Fish as same as the other cities of South of Iran has many varieties. Some of these Fish are as follow:  Squid, Tap Fish, Hamoun Fish, Sangsar Fish and …

Near the Fish, you can find the best fresh Shrimp in Bushehr. Bushehr Shrimp has many fans either.  Also, the delicious local cuisine of Bushehr that they prepare with fish and Shrimp will attract your idea.

We can divide the Khorramabad souvenirs into two parts:

  • Food souvenirs
  • Handicrafts souvenirs

You can prepare them for yourself base on your own taste. Khorramabad is one of the green cities of West of Iran that is the capital of  Lorestan province. This city has many historical and natural attractions. These attractions attract tourists to themselves.

Khorramabad souvenirs are contained as follow:

  • Bread flour traditional pastry of Khorramabad
  • Animal oil
  • Honey
  • Buttery Muffins
  • Saji Bread
  • Kak Sweet
  • Tarkhineh

Khorramabad bread flour:

Bread flour is the traditional pastry of  Khorramabad that has very pleasant flavor. This pastry in terms of shelf life is a good choice to be the souvenir. The main component of that contains Oil, Sugar, and Flour. You can also add flavors and different kinds of brains to it.

Base on them, bread flour divided into three parts:

  • Walnut bread flour
  • Coconut bread flour
  • Pea bread flour

Khorramabad animal oil

Khorramabad and Lorestan province are congested with lawns and forest with good vegetation and they are the power supply of  Livestock and this quality has the effect on the dairy products of them. One of the best things that you can provide from this city is animal oil that has the extraordinary taste and it is aroma. Delfan region makes the best oil of Lorestan and this is available for you to buy. You can prepare it as the souvenir for someone or for your consumption and enjoy its great taste that it gives to your food. Animal oil usually has two colours: White and Yellow.

Some of the properties of the animal oil are as follow:

  • Reduce blood viscosity
  • Reduce waste fats of blood
  • Freshness and whiteness of the skin
  • Detoxify the body

Khorramabad Honey

There are many diverse and fragrant plants in the Lorestan province that they cause to be the good, appropriate and natural nutrition for the bees. You can access to the honey with the good quality here. As well as some side products such as Potion of honey, wax and … are available. We can say that one of the best souvenirs of Khorramabad is the honey that has many uses and properties.

 

Jiroft has many new and attractive souvenirs, especially for each month. In this city instead of Pineapple, Pistachio, Mango and Rice you can find whatever that you wish. The Citrus of this city are famous and for the persons who love to eat sandwiches, there are many restaurants in every place especially in the North of the Jiroft that they make you amazing. If you wake up soon you can go to the local Bazar that is held at 6 o’clock a.m. on the Imam Khomeini square and the local women have something such as Traditional Bread, Vegetables, Chick, Egg and Milk for selling.

In the North of Persia, the Nowrooze polou is served with the fish and vegetables placed on the haft seen table, instead of the chicken.

Ingredients:

Long-grained rice: 2 pounds

Equal parts of fresh spinach, dill, green onion tops, coriander (if available), and fresh parsley: 1 ½ pound

White fish fillets: 6 pieces

Shortening or good cooking oil: ¼ cup

Saffron: 1 teaspoon

Hot water: 1 tablespoon

Cooking oil: 3 tablespoons

 

(Serve for 6 people)

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Prepare the rice according to directions for chelou and drain.

Wash the greens, chop fine, and cook in the water adhering to the leaves until wilted.

Mix greens with the rice.

Saute the fish in the ¼ cup shortening until lightly browned on both sides.

Put half the rice in an oiled deep saucepan or casserole.

Arrange pieces of fish over the rice and cover with remaining rice.

Make a hole in the center, cover the pot tightly, and bake in a preheated 350 ° oven for 1 hour.

Just before serving, mix saffron with the water and the 3 tablespoons oil and sprinkle over the rice.

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Note:

If desired, you may omit the vegetables, mix the rice with 3 ounces cumin seeds, ½ teaspoon saffron, and ¼ pound currents and serve with fried fish. This is called fish polou or mahi polou. Either kind of fish polou is served with Qa’meh  and eggplant, or pickles.

Potato Koko is delicious food that you can prepare it easy and soon. This kind of Koko has two models of preparing.

If you want to cook the potato Koko sooner the best way is to use raw potatoes.

Ingredients

Potato: 3 big numbers.

Egg: one number (mix albumen and yolk parts together).

White flour: half a modulus.

Chopped coriander or chopped mint: half a teaspoon.

One clove of chopped garlic.

Butter: two tablespoons.

Oil: Two tablespoons.

Salt and Black pepper: necessary amount.

(Serve for 6 people)

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How to prepare potato Koko?

  1. Wash potato and peel them.
  2. Grate potatoes in the medium shape.
  3. Put grated potato in the crystal bowl.
  4. Add eggs, flour, garlic, aromatic vegetables, salt and pepper to the bowl.
  5. Rile the materials with the spoon very well until they mix together.
  6. Prepare pan and pour oil and butter inside it.
  7. Put the pan in the medium flame of the oven and let butter and oil melt.
  8. Pour the full spoon of the mixture into the pan and smooth every part of it with the spoon (in fact give the shape of the circle to the Koko).
  9. When one part of the Koko frying in the oil turnover it.

Point

You can add both together if the amount of butter and oil are not enough.

(Butter use to giving taste to Koko.)

Vegetable with the enchanting taste and colour makes everyone attracted to itself.  Many persons love to eat this delicious food and this food is the common one in the Iranian tables. Vegetables Koko is one of the beautiful and tasty foods with many vitamins and because of fast preparing, consuming this food in the cold shape and easy kind of cooking with the vegetable blender is very popular for the families. Use the foods that they have less meat in themselves and have many kinds of vegetables are profitable for the health of the body.

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Ingredient

Koko vegetables contain Torre, Parsley, Dill, Coriander and a little fenugreek.

Egg: 2 numbers.

Salt, pepper, and turmeric: necessary amount.

Baking powder: half a teaspoon.

Milk: one tablespoon.

Berry and walnut brain (base on your taste) one small cup.

Lettuce: 1 number base on your taste for the better taste.

Garlic: 2 parts of garlic.

Oil: necessary amount.

(Serve for 2-3people)

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How to prepare Vegetables Koko

  1. Put vegetables after washing aside and let them come to be dry completely.
  2. Put all of them together with lettuce leave and garlic in the blender. (Finely chop them together. The vegetables of Koko must be smaller than the vegetables that you use for the rice.)
  3. Fry the vegetables in two tablespoons of oil. Pay attention that your vegetables in this level must fry completely, otherwise in the end level of backing inside pan the Koko come to be black in the way that inside of it is raw.
  4. Let vegetables come to be completely cold, break the eggs one by one in the small bowl( get confidence about healthy eggs )add them to the vegetables in the proper bowl.
  5. Let them to having the good puff, then add salt, turmeric, baking powder and pepper to the mixture. (If you want to add half a cup of berry and walnuts to the mixture).
  6. Pour one tablespoon of milk, rile them well and make them unmixed.
  7. Pour oil into the pan and let it be hot. (If the oil is not being hot completely Koko will chop or it will stick to the pan.)
  8. Pour ingredients little by little in the pan and make them smooth with the spoon. At the end close the door of the pan and let it bake completely.
  9. Make the heat high until Koko gives shape for itself after that make it low and let the Koko bake completely and roast(About 15 minutes).When one side of Koko completely roasted you can cut and give the desirable shape to it. This is the time that the other side of the Koko must be roast (pay attention that Koko doesn’t chop), once again make the heat high and roasting the other side of the Koko then make heat low and let them bake.

You can prepare the Koko inside the oven. For this purpose, you must make the oven hot with 350 degrees of the Fahrenheit and put the Koko inside it for forty minutes and let them roast completely.

Ingredients:

Sirloin or veal tenderloin:  half a Kilogram

Olive oil: 1/3 of cup

Onion: 2 Numbers

Salt and Pepper: necessary amount

(Serve for 4-5people)

How to prepare Barg Kebab

First way:

You can choose Sirloin or veal tenderloin for preparing barg kebab. The veal must clear before the cut. It means that 13-14 centimeters of the head of meat that is the place of junction of the meat to the bone must be cut and veins and roots must be picked up.

  1. Cut the cleared veal from the length to some 10 centimeters parts.
  2. Lay each episode on the board.
  3. Cut with the Length cutting with the shape of Sheet in the size of one centimeter.
  4. Put one of the Sheets of veal on the board and mashed it with the heavy knife or cleaver.
  5. Mix the grated onion water, olive oil, saffron and if you want yogurt together.
  6. Put phylum on the mixture and let them stay there at least for one night.
  7. Grill drag them. (Please pay attention to add salt to red meat especially kebab in middle of the cook. If you pour salt before baking meat, it comes to be dry and firm. )

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Second way:

  1. Cut meat with 7 centimeters length and made the sheet with the cutting shape of half a centimeter.
  2. Finely grated onions to be completely smashed. Taken the water out of it and mix it with olive oil and pepper.
  3. Put the meat for 24 hours in this mixture and put them in the refrigerator.
  4. 2-3 times cut the veal with the cleaver. Grill the pieces of meat and roast them sometimes turn them until both sides completely cook.

Pay attention that the Kebab don’t come to be too much dry. Add Salt at the end of the cook to the meat.

Your food is ready. Enjoy it!

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Ingredients:

Boneless meat: half a kilogram.

Slender eggplant: one kilogram.

Lentil: 150 gram.

Fried onion: 50 gram.

Thick pulverized curd: 50 gram.

Minced walnut: 50 gram.

Pulverized Saffron: necessary amount.

Fried Garlic: 50 gram.

Fried Mint: 50 gram.

Salt and pepper: necessary amount.

( Serve for 5-6 people )

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How to prepare Eggplant Halim?

  1. Make meat in several pieces.
  2. Wash Meat.
  3. Fry meat in the oil.
  4. Cook meat with three glasses of water, and fried onion on the medium flame.
  5. Wait until meat little bake and add soak lentil to it.
  6. Add fry eggplants to the materials and let them bake with the other pieces of the food.
  7. Flail it with the masher and make it crush completely.
  8. Put Halim on the oven heat.
  9. Rile them until the materials of Halim have the elastic mood.
  10. Add curd step by step, rile it regularly, let it boil completely and don’t stick to the bottom of the pan.
  11. Decorate the food with walnuts, curd, fried mint and fried garlic.

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Nutrition Points:

Eggplant Halim is the local and delicious food. Eggplant is laxative it means that makes the stomach and intestines soft. Baking eggplant is very good and has many benefits for the spleen.

Walnut properties:

It has many benefits for the children that they have the low amount of Omega3 in their body.

The women that they use 28 gram of nuts in the week has the low possibility of having the gallstone.

If you want to have slow sleep before going to bed eat vegetables salad with walnut.